Lech lechá / midát szedom

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שולחן ערוך, אורח חיים קל״ב:ב׳

It is forbidden for one to leave the synagogue before the Kedusha D'Sidra [a.k.a. "Uva L'tzion"]. Gloss: After the conclusion of the prayer, we say Aleinu L'shabbei-ach while standing (Kol Bo), and one should be careful to say it with concentration; and when he reaches [the words] "Lo Yoshia", he should pause a moment before saying "Va-anachnu Kor'im etc." (Tur). And they say Kaddish Yatom after Aleinu; and even if there is no orphan in the synagogue, it should be said by a person who does not have a [living] father and mother; And even one who has a [living] father and mother may say it as long as his father and mother are not particular about it [Agur, Tashbe'tz, and Teshuvat Maharil - siman 64]. And one should say "Pitum haKetoret" in the evening and morning after the prayers; and they say "Ein Kelokeinu etc" first. And then they say "Ha'shir She'halevi'im Hayu Om'rim Ba'mikdash", but only during Shacharit (Tur). There is an opinion that one should be careful to recite "Pitum Ketoret" from a text and not by heart; since the reading is in place of the burning [of the incense], and we are concerned that he might omit [Beit Yosef in the name of Mahari"a and Orchot Chaim] one of the spice ingredients [in his reading], and we say that there is a death penalty for someone who leaves out one of the spices [from the actual Ketoret]. Therefore, the custom is to not recite it during the week when people are rushing to get to work, and we are concerned that one might omit [one of the ingredients]. And when one leaves the synagogue, he should say "Hashem, nechani etc." [Kol Bo], and he bows and then leaves. [Mahari"l]

מגן אברהם קל״ב:ב׳

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שולחן ערוך, חושן משפט שי״א:ב׳

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שולחן ערוך, חושן משפט שס״ג:ו׳

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בבא בתרא י״ב ב:י״א

It is reported that a certain person bought land along the boundary of his father’s property. After some time the father died. When they came to divide the estate, this person said to his brothers: Give me my portion of the estate along my boundary. Rabba said: In a case such as this, the court compels people to refrain from conduct characteristic of Sodom. The court forces a person to waive his legal rights in order to prevent him from acting in a manner characteristic of the wicked city of Sodom. Since it makes no difference to the brothers which portion they receive since the parcels of land must be of equal value, whereas it matters to this brother that the area he receives should be adjacent to the land he already bought, the court forces the others to give this brother his portion along his boundary.

בבא קמא כ׳ א:י״ח

The Gemara asks: What are the circumstances of this question? If we say that the case concerns a courtyard that does not stand to be rented out, i.e., if the squatter would not have lived there the owner would have kept it vacant, and the man squatting there is someone who would not have rented other living quarters because he has other lodgings available to him for free, then it is a case where this one, the squatter, does not derive benefit, and that one, the owner, does not suffer a loss; in that case certainly no payment is necessary. Rather, say that the discussion concerns a case of a courtyard that stands to be rented out, and the man squatting there would have rented other living quarters. If so, then this is a case where this one derives benefit and that one suffers a loss, and in that case he certainly must make payment. The dilemma was not with regard to either of these circumstances.

תוספות על בבא קמא כ׳ ב:א׳:א׳

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עירובין נ״ג ב:י״ח
Having discussed the clever speech of various Sages, the Gemara relates that Rabbi Yehoshua ben Ḥananya said as follows: In all my days, no person defeated me in a verbal encounter except for a woman, a young boy, and a young girl. What is the encounter in which a woman got the better of me? One time I was staying at a certain inn and the hostess prepared me beans. On the first day I ate them and left nothing over, although proper etiquette dictates that one should leave over something on his plate. On the second day I again ate and left nothing over. On the third day she over-salted them so that they were inedible. As soon as I tasted them, I withdrew my hands from them.
עירובין נ״ג ב:כ״א
What is the incident with a young girl? One time I was walking along the path, and the path passed through a field, and I was walking on it. A certain young girl said to me: My Rabbi, isn’t this a field? One should not walk through a field, so as not to damage the crops growing there. I said to her: Isn’t it a well-trodden path in the field, across which one is permitted to walk? She said to me: Robbers like you have trodden it. In other words, it previously had been prohibited to walk through this field, and it is only due to people such as you, who paid no attention to the prohibition, that a path has been cut across it. Thus, the young girl defeated Rabbi Yehoshua ben Ḥananya in a debate.