โ† Home/binyomin-szanto-varnagy
Language:BothEnglishHebrewView on Sefaria โ†—

Zenehallgatรกs tilalma

ยท7 views
Isaiah 24:9ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื›ืดื“:ื˜ืณ
They drink their wine without song;Liquor tastes bitter to the drinker.
ื‘ึผึทืฉืึผึดึ–ื™ืจ ืœึนึฃื ื™ึดืฉืึฐืชึผื•ึผึพื™ึธึ‘ื™ึดืŸ ื™ึตืžึทึฅืจ ืฉืึตื›ึธึ–ืจ ืœึฐืฉืึนืชึธึฝื™ื•ืƒ
Gittin 7a:8ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื–ืณ ื:ื—ืณ
The Gemara further relates: They sent the following question to Mar Ukva: From where do we derive that song is forbidden in the present, following the destruction of the Temple? He scored parchment and wrote to them: โ€œRejoice not, O Israel, to exultation, like the peoplesโ€ (Hosea 9:1).
ืฉืึฐืœึทื—ื•ึผ ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ืœึฐืžึธืจ ืขื•ึผืงึฐื‘ึธื: ื–ึดืžึฐืจึธื ืžึฐื ึธื ืœึทืŸ ื“ึผึทืึฒืกึดื™ืจ? ืฉื‚ึดืจึฐื˜ึตื˜ ื•ึผื›ึฐืชึทื‘ ืœึฐื”ื•ึผ: ืดืึทืœ ืชึผึดืฉื‚ึฐืžึทื— ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึถืœ ื’ึผึดื™ืœ ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืžึผึดื™ืืด.
Rashi on Gittin 7a:8:1ืจืฉ"ื™ ืขืœ ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื–ืณ ื:ื—ืณ:ืืณ
...
ื–ืžืจื - ืœืฉื•ืจืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืื•ืช:
Tosafot on Gittin 7a:8:1ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืขืœ ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื–ืณ ื:ื—ืณ:ืืณ
ื–ืžืจื ืžื ื ืœืŸ ื“ืืกื•ืจโ€”From where do we derive that song is forbiddenOVERVIEWืžืจ ืขื•ืงื‘ื was asked from where do we derive the prohibition against ื–ืžืจื. Our ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช (seemingly) agrees with sืจืฉ"ื™' interpretation of ื–ืžืจื.-----------------------------ืคื™ืจืฉ ื‘ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ืœืฉื•ืจืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืื•ืช โ€“ืจืฉ"ื™ explained that ื–ืžืจื means to sing at party gatherings; ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช continues โ€“ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฉืžืข ืžื“ืงืืžืจ ื•ืœื™ืฉืœื— ืœื™ื” ืžื”ื›ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืœื ื™ืฉืชื• ื™ื™ืŸ โ€“And so it seems as ืจืฉ"ื™ explains, since the ื’ืžืจื asked, and why did he not sent them this ืคืกื•ืง which states, โ€˜they should not drink wine in songโ€™, indicating that it is forbidden to sing in a ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืชื”. A support to this proof โ€“ื•ื‘ืคืจืง ื‘ืชืจื ื“ืกื•ื˜ื” (ื“ืฃ ืžื—,ื) ืชื ืŸ ืžืฉื‘ื˜ืœื” ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืœ ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืื•ืช โ€“For in the last ืคืจืง of ืžืกื›ืช ืกื•ื˜ื” the ืžืฉื ื” teaches that when the ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ceased to function, the ืฉื™ืจ at the party houses also ceased โ€“ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืœื ื™ืฉืชื• ื™ื™ืŸ โ€“As it is written ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืœื ื™ืฉืชื• ื™ื™ืŸ.ื•ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื‘ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื”ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ื”ื•ื” ืงืื™ื ื•ื“ืžื™ืš ื‘ื–ืžืจื ืฉืžืชืขื ื’ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ โ€“And it is fitting that one be stringent in similar situations as the one mentioned in ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ where he would arise and go to bed with song, which is a great indulgence, and one should refrain from this โ€“ื•ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉืจื™ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื—ื•ืคื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืœืฉืžื— ื—ืชืŸ ื•ื›ืœื”:However, a song of a ืžืฆื•ื”, for instance during the ื—ื•ืคื”, which people sing in order to rejoice with the ื—ืชืŸ ื•ื›ืœื” that is permitted.SUMMARYOne should refrain from songs of levity except for a ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื” such as by a ื—ื•ืคื”.THINKING IT OVERDoes ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช agree with ืจืฉ"ื™ or is he disputing him?
ื–ืžืจื ืžื ื ืœืŸ ื“ืืกื•ืจ - ืคื™' ื‘ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ืœืฉื•ืจืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืื•ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฉืžืข ืžื“ืงืืžืจ ื•ืœื™ืฉืœื— ืœื™ื” ืžื”ื›ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืœื ื™ืฉืชื• ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืคืจืง ื‘ืชืจื ื“ืกื•ื˜ื” (ื“ืฃ ืžื—.) ืชื ืŸ ืžืฉื‘ื˜ืœื” ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืœ ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืื•ืช ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืœื ื™ืฉืชื• ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื‘ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื”ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ื”ื•ื” ืงืื™ื ื•ื“ืžื™ืš ื‘ื–ืžืจื ืฉืžืชืขื ื’ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉืจื™ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื—ื•ืคื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืœืฉืžื— ื—ืชืŸ ื•ื›ืœื”:
Sotah 48a:12ืกื•ื˜ื” ืžืดื— ื:ื™ืดื‘
MISHNA: This mishna continues with the list of items that were nullified. From the time when the Sanhedrin ceased song was also nullified from the places of feasts, i.e., it was no longer permitted to sing at a feast where wine was served, as it is stated: โ€œWith song they shall not drink wineโ€ (Isaiah 24:9).
ืžึทืชึฐื ึดื™ืณ ืžึดืฉึผืึถื‘ึผึธื˜ึฐืœึธื” ืกึทื ึฐื”ึถื“ึฐืจึดื™ืŸ โ€” ื‘ึผึธื˜ึทืœ ื”ึทืฉึผืึดื™ืจ ืžึดื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธืื•ึนืช, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ: ืดื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึดื™ืจ ืœึนื ื™ึดืฉืึฐืชึผื•ึผ ื™ึธื™ึดืŸ ื•ึฐื’ื•ึนืณืด.
Mishneh Torah, Fasts 5:14ืžืฉื ื” ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืณ:ื™ืดื“
Similarly, they ordained that one should not play melodies with any sort of musical instrument. It is forbidden to celebrate with such instruments or to listen to them being played [as an expression of mourning] for the destruction.Even songs [without musical accompaniment] that are recited over wine are forbidden, as [Isaiah 24:9] states: "Do not drink wine with song." It has, however, become accepted custom among the entire Jewish people to recite words of praise, songs of thanksgiving, and the like to God over wine.
ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ื’ึผึธื–ึฐืจื•ึผ ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ืœึฐื ึทื’ึผึตืŸ ื‘ึผึดื›ึฐืœึตื™ ืฉืึดื™ืจ. ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึดื™ื ึตื™ ื–ึถืžึถืจ ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึทืฉืึฐืžึดื™ืขึตื™ ืงื•ึนืœ ืฉืึถืœ ืฉืึดื™ืจ ืึธืกื•ึผืจ ืœึดืฉื‚ึฐืžึนื—ึท ื‘ึผึธื”ึถืŸ ื•ึฐืึธืกื•ึผืจ ืœึฐืฉืึธืžึฐืขึธืŸ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทื—ึปืจึฐื‘ึผึธืŸ. ื•ึทืึฒืคึดืœึผื•ึผ ืฉืึดื™ืจึธื” ื‘ึผึทืคึผึถื” ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึทื™ึดืŸ ืึฒืกื•ึผืจึธื” ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื›ื“ ื˜) "ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึดื™ืจ ืœึนื ื™ึดืฉืึฐืชึผื•ึผ ื™ึธื™ึดืŸ". ื•ึผื›ึฐื‘ึธืจ ื ึธื”ึฒื’ื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœื•ึนืžึทืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ืชึผึปืฉืึฐื‘ึผึธื—ื•ึนืช ืื•ึน ืฉืึดื™ืจ ืฉืึถืœ ื”ื•ึนื“ึธืื•ึนืช ืœึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐื›ึทื™ึผื•ึนืฆึตื ื‘ึผึธื”ึถืŸ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึทื™ึดืŸ:
Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 560:3ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš, ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืชืงืดืก:ื’ืณ
Similarly they decreed not to play [music] with instruments, and musical devices, and all things that make music to rejoice with them. There are those who say, [the prohibition is] specifically for those whom they regularly play them, like for kings who stand and rest to instruments or in the house of a feast. (Tur) It is forbidden to make them heard because of the destruction, and even song by mouth over wine is forbidden, as it says: "In song one may not drink wine" (Isiah 24:9). And all of Israel is already accustomed to saying words of praise or songs of thanks and remembering the goodnes of the holy one blessed be he over wine. Similarly for the need of a Mitzvah, like for house of a Groom and Bride, all this is permitted. (Tosefot, Smug, and Hagehot Maymoni)
ื•ื›ืŸ ื’ื–ืจื• ืฉืœื ืœื ื’ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ืจ ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื–ืžืจ ื•ื›ืœ ืžืฉืžื™ืขื™ ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจ ืœืฉืžื— ื‘ื”ื: ื”ื’ื” ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื“ื•ืงื ืžื™ ืฉืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ืจ ืื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืชื” [ื˜ื•ืจ] ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœืฉื•ืžืขื ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื•ืืคื™' ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืคื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืืกื•ืจื” ืฉื ื' ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืœื ื™ืฉืชื• ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื”ื’ื• ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชืฉื‘ื—ื•ืช ืื• ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื“ืื•ืช ื•ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื—ืกื“ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ: ื”ื’ื” ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžืฆื•ื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ืชืŸ ื•ื›ืœื” ื”ื›ืœ ืฉืจื™ [ืชื•ืก' ื•ืกืž"ื’ ื•ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืžื•ื ื™]:
Mishnah Berurah 560:13ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืชืงืดืก:ื™ืดื’
...
(ื™ื’) ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืคื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืืกื•ืจ - ื•ื‘"ื— ืคืกืง ื“ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืœื ื™ื™ืŸ ื’"ื› ืืกื•ืจ ื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื“ื•ืงื ื–ืžืจื ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฉื›ื™ ื”ืกืคื™ื ื•ืช ืื• ืžื•ืฉื›ื™ ื”ื‘ืงืจื™ื ืฉืจื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืืœื ืœื–ืจื–ื ื‘ืžืœืื›ืชื ืื‘ืœ ื“ื’ืจื“ืื™ ืืกื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืฉื—ื•ืง ื‘ืขืœืžื ื•ืข"ื› ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื–ืžืจื•ืช ื‘ืคื” ื‘ืขืช ืžืœืื›ืชืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืžื—ื•ืช ืœื”ืŸ ื•ืื ืื™ื ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืขื•ืช ืžื•ื˜ื‘ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ื’ื’ื™ืŸ ืื›ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ืจื•ืฉืช ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื ื’ื ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืืœื• ืžื–ืžืจื•ืช ื•ืืœื• ืขื•ื ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ืืฉ ื‘ื ืขื•ืจืช ื•ืžืฆื•ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื‘ื˜ืœื:
Bach, Orach Chayim 560:7:1ื‘"ื—, ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืชืงืดืก:ื–ืณ:ืืณ
...
ื•ืืกืจื• ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคื” ื•ืคืจืฉ"ื™ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื•ืจืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืชื” ื•ืจ"ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื’ื™ืœ ื•ื”ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ื“ืืคื™' ื‘ืœื ืžืฉืชื” ื ืžื™ ืืกื•ืจ ืœืžื™ ืฉืจื’ื™ืœ ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืคื™' ื”ืชื•' ื—ื•ืœืง ืืคืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ื ืจืื” ื’"ื› ืžื“ืขืช ื”ืชื•' ื“ืœืžื™ ืฉืจื’ื™ืœ ืืกื•ืจ ืืคื™' ื‘ืคื” ื•ืืคื™' ื‘ืœื ืžืฉืชื” ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืค"ืง ื“ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ (ื“ืฃ ื–'):
Bach, Orach Chayim 560:8:1ื‘"ื—, ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืชืงืดืก:ื—ืณ:ืืณ
...
ื•ืž"ืฉ ื•ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžืฉืžืข ื•ื›ื•' ืคื™' ื”ืžื—ืžื™ืจ ืžืฆื“ ื“ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืืกื•ืจ ืืคื™' ืœืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื’ื™ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืœื ืžืฉืชื” ื•ืžื™ืงืœ ืžืฆื“ ื“ื‘ืคื” ื“ื•ืงื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืื‘ืœ ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื™ ืืคื™' ืœืžื™ ืฉืจื’ื™ืœ ื•ืฆ"ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืคืจืฉ ืžืื™ ื“ืชื ืŸ ืžืฉื‘ื˜ืœื” ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืื•ืช ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืœื ื™ืฉืชื• ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืืคื™' ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืคื” ื•ืžืื™ ื“ืงืืžืจ ื‘ืค"ืง ื“ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืื™ ืžื”ื”ื™ื ื”ื•"ื ื”"ืž ื–ื™ืžืจื ื“ืžื ื ืื‘ืœ ื“ืคื•ืžื ืฉืจื™ ืงืž"ืœ ื“ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื”ืื™ ืงืจื ืืคืฉืจ ื“ื˜ืขื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ื‘ื–ืžืจื ื“ืžื ื ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื™ ื”ืืžืช ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื’ื ื”ืžืงืจื ืฉืืžืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืœื ื™ืฉืชื• ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืืคื™' ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืคื” ื•ืœื›ืš ืงืืžืจ ืœื”ื• ื”ืื™ ืžืงืจื ืืœ ืชืฉืžื— ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ืœ ื’ื™ืœ ื›ืขืžื™' ื“ืœื™ื›ื ืœืžื™ื˜ืขื™ ื‘ื”ื ื“ื–ื™ืžืจื ื‘ืคื” ืงืืžืจ ื“ืืกื•ืจ ื ืžื™ ื‘ื‘ื™' ื”ืžืฉืชืื•ืช: